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Books about Marcus Garvey
Marcus Garvey, Hero: First Biography
(1983) /
Marcus Garvey: Anti-Colonial Champion (1988)
Black Moses: The Story of Marcus Garvey and the
Universal Negro Improvement Association
(1960)
Race First: The Ideological and Organizational Struggles of the
Universal Negro Improvement Association (1986)
Marcus Garvey: Black Nationalist Leader (2004) /
Classical Black Nationalism: From the American Revolution to
Marcus Garvey (1996)
Marcus Garvey and the Vision of Africa (1974) /
Amy Ashwood Garvey: Pan-Africanist, Feminist, and Wife
(2000)
Books by Marcus Garvey
Philosophy and
Opinions of Marcus Garvey or Africa for the Africans /
Marcus Garvey: Life and Lessons (1988)
Selected Writings and Speeches of Marcus Garvey (2005)
/
The Poetical Works of Marcus Garvey
DVD
The American Experience - Marcus Garvey: Look for Me in
the Whirlwind (2001)
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African Fundamentalism
By The Hon. Marcus Mosiah Garvey
The time has come for the
Blackman to forget and cast
behind him his hero worship and
adoration of other races, and to
start out immediately to create
and emulate heroes of his own.
We must canonize our own martyrs
and elevate to positions of fame
and honor Black men and women
who have made their distinct
contributions to our racial
history.
Sojourner Truth is worthy of
sainthood alongside of Joan of
Arc. Crispus Attuck and George
William Gordon are entitled to
the halo of martyrdom with no
less glory than that of the
martyrs of any other race.
Jacques Deselines' and Moshesh's
brilliancy as soldiers and
statesmen outshone that of a
Cromwell, Napoleon, or
Washington: hence they are
entitled to the highest place as
heroes among men.
Africa has produced countless
numbers of men and women, in war
and in peace, whose lustre and
bravery outshines that of any
other people. Then why not see
good and perfection in
ourselves? We must inspire a
literature and promulgate a
doctrine of our own without any
apologies to the powers that be.
The right is the Blackman's and
Africa's. Let contrary
sentiments and cross opinions go
to the winds. Oppositions to
Race Independence is the weapon
of the enemy to defeat the hopes
of an unfortunate people.
We are entitled to our own
opinions and not obligated to or
bound by the opinions of others.
If others laugh at you return
the laughter to them; if they
mimic you return the compliment
with equal force. They have no
more right to dishonor,
disrespect or
disregard your feelings and
manhood than you have in dealing
with them. Honor them when they
honor you; disregard them when
they vilely treat you. Their
arrogance is but skin deep and
an assumption that has no
foundation in morals or in Law.
They have sprung from the same
family tree of obscurity as we
have; their history is as rude
in its primitiveness as ours,
their ancestors ran wild and
naked, lived in caves and in
branches of trees like monkeys
as ours; they made sacrifices,
ate the flesh of their own dead
and the raw meat of wild beasts
for centuries even as they
accuse us of doing. Their
cannibalism was more prolonged
than ours; when we were
embracing the Arts and Sciences
on the banks of the Nile, their
ancestors were still drinking
human blood and eating out of
the skulls of their conquered
dead.
When our civilization had
reached the noon-day of
progress, they were still
running naked and sleeping in
holes and caves with rats, bats,
and other insects and animals.
After we had already unfathomed
the mystery of the Stars and
reduced the Heavenly
Constellations to minute and
regular calculus they were still
backwoodsmen, living in
ignorance and blatant darkness.
The world today is indebted to
us for the benefits of
civilization. They stole our
Arts and Sciences from Africa.
Then why should we be ashamed of
ourselves? Their modern
improvements are but duplicates
of a grander civilization that
we reflected thousands of years
ago; without the advantage of
what is buried and still hidden,
to be resurrected and
reintroduced by the intelligence
of our generation and our
posterity.
Why should we be discouraged
because somebody laughs at us
today? Who can tell what
tomorrow will bring forth? Did
they not laugh at Moses, Christ,
and Mohammed? Was there not a
CARTHAGE, GREECE and ROME? We
see and have changes everyday;
so plan, work, be steadfast and
do not be dismayed. As the Jew
is held together by his
religion, the white races by the
assumption and the unwritten law
of superiority, and the
Mongolian by the precious tie of
blood; so likewise the Blackman
must be UNITED in one grand
RACIAL HIERARCHY. Our union must
know no climate, boundary or
nationality.
BLACK MEN THE WORLD OVER MUST
PRACTICE ONE FAITH, THAT OF
CONFIDENCE IN THEMSELVES, WITH:
ONE CAUSE, ONE GOAL, ONE
DESTINY.*
Let no religious scruples, no
political machination divide us,
but let us hold together under
all climates and in every
country; making among ourselves
a RACIAL EMPIRE upon which, "The
Sun shall never set."
Let no voice but your own speak
to you from the depths; let no
influence but your own rouse you
in time of peace and time of
war. Hear all but attend only to
that which concerns you, your
allegiance shall be to your
Race, then to your family and
your
Country. Remember always that
the Jew in his political and
economic urge is always first a
Jew, the white is first a white
man under all circumstances; and
you can do no less than being
first and always a Blackman;
then all else will take care of
itself. Let no one inoculate you
with evil doctrines to suit
their conveniences. There's no
humanity before that which
starts with yourself, "CHARITY
BEGINS AT HOME." First to
thyself be true and thou canst
not then be false to any man.
NATURE first made us what we are
and then out of our own creative
genius we make ourselves what we
want to be. Follow always that
GREAT LAW. Let the SKY be your
limit, and Eternity our
Measurement. There's no height
to which we cannot climb by
using the active intelligence of
our own mind. Mind creates, and
as much as we desire in NATURE,
we can have through the creation
of our own minds. Being at
present the scientifically
weaker Race, you shall treat
others only as they treat you,
but in your homes and everywhere
possible you must teach the
higher development of science to
your children; and be sure to
develop a RACE of SCIENTISTS par
excellence, for in Science and
NATIONALISM lie our only hope to
withstand the evil designs of
modern materialism.
Never forget your Cause.
REMEMBER! We live, work and plan
for the establishment of a great
and binding RACIAL HIERARCHY;
the founding of a RACIAL EMPIRE
whose only natural, spiritual
and political limits shall be:
LIBERTY FOR AFRICANS, AT HOME
AND ABROAD.
Marcus Mosiah
Garvey (August 17, 1887 to June
10, 1940), President-General,
Pro Temp, United States of
Africa
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Marcus Garvey—born on August 17, 1887 in St. Ann's Bay,
Jamaica—left school at 14, worked as a printer,
joined Jamaican nationalist organizations, toured Central America, and
spent time in London. Content at first with accommodation, on his return
to Jamaica, he aspired to open a Tuskegee-type industrial training
school. In 1916 he came to America at Booker T. Washington's invitation,
but arrived just after Washington died.
As the leader of the largest organized mass movement
in black history and progenitor of the modern "black is
beautiful" ideal, Garvey is now best remembered as a champion of
the back-to-Africa movement. In his own time he was hailed as a
redeemer, a "Black Moses." Though he failed to realize all his
objectives, his movement still represents a liberation from the
psychological bondage of racial inferiority.
When he settled in New York City, he organized a
chapter of the U.N.I.A., which he had earlier founded in Jamaica as a
fraternal organization. Drawing on a gift for oratory, he melded
Jamaican peasant aspirations for economic and cultural independence with
the American gospel of success to create a new gospel of racial pride.
"Garveyism" eventually evolved into a religion of success,
inspiring millions of black people worldwide who sought relief from
racism and colonialism.
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By 1920 the U.N.I.A. had hundreds
of chapters worldwide; it hosted elaborate international
conventions and published The Negro World widely
disseminated weekly, though banned in many parts of Africa and
the Caribbean. In 1922 the federal government indicted Garvey on
mail fraud charges stemming from Black Star Line promotional
claims and he suspended all BSL operations. Two years later, the
U.N.I.A. created another line, the Black Cross Navigation and
Trading Co., but it, too, failed. Garvey was sentenced to
prison. The government later commuted his sentence, only to
deport him back to Jamaica in November 1927. He never returned
to America.
In Jamaica Garvey reconstituted the U.N.I.A.
and held conventions there and in Canada, but the heart of his
movement stumbled on in America without him. |
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Garvey remained a keen observer of world events,
writing voluminously in his own papers. His final move was to London, in
1935. He settled there shortly before Fascist Italy invaded Ethiopia and
his public criticisms of Haile Selassie's behavior after the invasion
alienated many of his own remaining followers. Garvey died June 10,
1940.
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Malcolm X Speaks on Marcus Garvey
/
Marcus Garvey Speech
Marcus Garvey "Africa For The Africans" /
Look For Me in The Whirlwind /
Marcus Mosiah
Garvey
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Marcus Garvey's Statement called
Rastafari "Prophecy"—Last Sunday, a great ceremony took place at
Addis Ababa, the capital of Abyssinia. It was the coronation of the new
Emperor of Ethiopia—Ras Tafari. From reports and expectations, the scene
was one of great splendor, and will long be remembered by those who were
present. Several of the leading nations of Europe sent representatives
to the coronation, thereby paying their respects to a rising Negro
nation that is destined to play a great part in the future history of
the world. Abyssinia is the land of the blacks and we are glad to learn
that even though Europeans have been trying to impress the Abyssinians
that they are not belonging to the Negro Race, they have learned the
retort that they are, and they are proud to be so.
Ras Tafari has traveled to Europe
and America and is therefore no stranger to European hypocrisy and
methods; he, therefore, must be regarded as a kind of a modern Emperor,
and from what we understand and know of him, he intends to introduce
modern methods and systems into his country. Already he has started to
recruit from different sections of the world competent men in different
branches of science to help to develop his country to the position that
she should occupy among the other nations of the world.
We do hope that Ras Tafari will
live long to carry out his wonderful intentions. From what we have heard
and what we do know, he is ready and willing to extend the hand of
invitation to any Negro who desires to settle in his kingdom. We know of
many who are gone to Abyssinia and who have given good report of the
great possibilities there, which they are striving to take advantage of.
The Psalmist prophesied that
Princes would come out of Egypt and Ethiopia would stretch forth her
hands unto God. We have no doubt that the time is now come. Ethiopia is
now really stretching forth her hands. This great kingdom of the East
has been hidden for many centuries, but gradually she is rising to take
a leading place in the world and it is for us of the Negro race to
assist in every way to hold up the hand of Emperor Ras Tafari.—The
Blackman (November 8, 1930)
Jamaicans
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Marcus Garvey "Africa For The Africans" /
Look For Me in The Whirlwind
Marcus Mosiah
Garvey /
Marucs Garvey Speech
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Dear Rudy,
Your message . . . led me to a
search of my memory and the internet concerning Garvey's opinions on
capitalism. Let me begin by saying that when I was 28, I once
peremptorily dismissed his position without argument or rebuttal. With
the passage of time I began to reconsider many of my positions on
Garvey, as well as the stupidity of my failure to dissect or
systematically disprove his point.
My internet search led me to a
horrifying discovery. Some online editions of Garvey have apparently
been expurgated, so as to remove all references to capitalism. This is
worse than anything I ever did in my twenties. In my attacks on Garvey
I never intentionally tampered with his texts!
Here is a superficial and arbitrary
list of Garvey editions I found. So far, only one of them, according
to my brief inspection contains any of his references to capitalism.
My opinion is that whatever evils industrial capitalism brought with it;
industrial capitalism was far kinder to the Negro than the bizarre
construct of primitive capitalism that we refer to as "Jeffersonian
Democracy." In other words I would rather deal with Carnegie,
Rockefeller, and J. P. Morgan than with Jefferson, Jackson, and Robert
E. Lee. [Below} are the texts for your consideration and inspection—Wilson
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Hubert Harrison: The Voice of Harlem Radicalism,
1883-1918
By
Jeffrey B. Perry
This first
full-length biography of Harrison offers a
portrait of a man ahead of his time in
synthesizing race and class struggles in the
U.S. and a leading influence on better known
activists from Marcus Garvey to A. Philip
Randolph. Harrison emigrated from St. Croix in
1883 and went on to become a foremost organizer
for the Socialist Party in New York, the editor
of the Negro World, and founder and leader of
the World War I–era New Negro movement.
Harrison’s enormous political and intellectual
appetites were channeled into his work as an
orator, writer, political activist, and critic.
He was an avid bibliophile, reportedly the first
regular black book reviewer, who helped to
develop the public library in Harlem into an
international center for research on black
culture. But Harrison was a freelancer so candid
in his criticism of the establishment—black and
white—that he had few allies or people
interested in protecting his legacy. |
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Historian
Perry’s detailed research brings to life a
transformative figure who has been little recognized for
his contribution to progressive race and class politics.—Vanessa Bush
Hubert Harrison: The Voice of Harlem Radicalism,
1883-1918 (By
Jeffrey B. Perry)
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updated 10
June 2010
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