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ZİYA GÖKÂLP --
Philosopher and writer (b. 23 March 1879,
Diyarbakır d. 25 October 1924, İstanbul).
His original name was Mehmet Ziya. He
attended primary school and elementary
military school in Diyarbakır and graduated
from the School of Politics (1883-94). He
took private lessons in Persian and Arabic
from his uncle and French from his school
headmaster.
He entered Veterinary School which was a
boarding school located in İstanbul where he
had come to complete his education. His
active membership in a secret society which
was against the Abdulhamit administration
led to his imprisonment for nine months when
he was in his last year of study and he was
exiled to his home city. |
Continuing his relations with secret
societies in Diyarbakır, he founded the Diyarbakır
branch of the Committee of Union and Progress Party
after the Second Constitutional Monarchy.
He wrote about his ideas in the newspaper Peyman (1909),
which he published in Diyarbakır. He participated in the
general congress of the Committee that was held in
Thessalonica 1910 as a delegate of Diyarbakır and was
selected to the membership of the head office.
He influenced the people around him with his poems and
articles, which he published with the pen names Celal
Sakıp, Demirtaş Gökâlp in the review Genç Kalemler,
printed by Ömer Seyfettin and Ali Canip Yöntem (1911) in
Thessalonica.
When the parliament to which he had
been elected parliamentary deputy of Ergani in 1912 was
closed after four months, he came to İstanbul and gave
lessons as a professor of sociology in İstanbul
University (1915-1919).
At the same time he published his works on various
subjects in reviews and newspapers such as Türk Yurdu,
Halka Doğru, Türk Sözü, İslâm, İktisat, Millî Tetebbular,
and Yeni Mecmua, which he printed (first issue,
12.7.1917) and Tanin.
He was among those who were exiled to Malta by the
English in 1919. When he returned from exile he printed
the review Küçük Mecmua in Diyarbakır (1922). He
continued to write in the review Yeni Mecmua, which he
republished (1 January 13 September, 84 issues). In
the same year he was elected as the Diyarbakır
parliamentary deputy.
He was appointed to the Council of Publishing and
Translation as a director. He died in İstanbul where he
had come to be treated for his illness. He is buried in
the cemetery near the Tomb of Sultan Mahmut.
Ziyâ Gökalp who systemized the
concept of Turkism in his book Türkçülüğün Esasları (The
Principles of Turkism) became the pioneer of a
nationalistic idea which supported Occidentalism in
civilization, state control in economics and the
purification of the language after he had abandoned his
belief in the Empire of Turan (Turanism) which he had
supported in opposition to the thoughts of the Islam
Union and the Ottomans in the years of the 2nd
Constitutional Monarchy. Many of his ideas, which he
wrote in the reviews Küçük Mecmua and Yeni Mecmua,
eventually became acts of law. He produced various works
showing the ways of establishing Turkism in language,
fine arts, morality, law, economy and philosophy.
WORKS:
POETRY: Şâki İbrahim Destanı
(The Legend of the Bandit İbrahim, 1908), Kızıl Elma
(The Red Apple, 1915), Altın Işık (The Golden Light,
1923), Ziya Gökalp Külliyatı I (Complete Works of Ziya
Gökalp, poetry and folk tales, by Fevziye Abdullah
Tansel, 1952).
OTHER WORKS: Türkleşmek
İslâmlaşmak Muasırlaşmak (Becoming Turkish Islamic-
Modern, 1918), Doğru Yol (The True Path, 1923), Türk
Töresi (The Turkish Custom, 1923), Türkçülüğün Esasları
(The Principles of Turkism, 1923), Türk Medeniyeti
Tarihi (The History of Turkish Civilization, 1925),
under the name of Türk Medeniyeti Ansiklopedisi (The
Encyclopedia of Turkish Civilization, 1989), Malta
Mektupları (Maltese Letters, 1931. Limni Mektupları -The
Letters of Limni, added and with the name of Ziya Gökalp
Külliyatı II Limni ve Malta Mektupları The Complete
Works of Ziya Gökalp, Letters of Malta and Limni, by
Fevziye Abdullah Tansel, 1965).
The Ministry of Culture published his
works again in 1976 under the name of Doğumunun 100.
Yılında Bütün Eserleri (Complete Works for the 100th
Anniversary of His Birth). Some of his works were
simplified and published by Yusuf Çotuksöken (1975-77).
| To the Wind
Oh wind,
wind where to
Flapping
your invisible wings
While you
coming down on a stream
you can hear
surely
My heart's
cry
If you ever
pass through
Istanbul
Scatter a
sweet breeze on my land
Go and greet
my home
Take kisses
from me
To my dearest daughters!
Ziya
Gokalp (1879-1924) |
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1493: Uncovering the New World Columbus
Created
By Charles C. Mann
Im
a big fan of Charles Manns previous
book
1491:
New Revelations of the Americas Before
Columbus, in which he
provides a sweeping and provocative
examination of North and South America
prior to the arrival of Christopher
Columbus. Its exhaustively researched
but so wonderfully written that its
anything but exhausting to read. With
his follow-up,
1493, Mann has taken it to a
new, truly global level. Building on the
groundbreaking work of Alfred Crosby
(author of
The Columbian Exchange and, Im
proud to say, a fellow Nantucketer),
Mann has written nothing less than the
story of our world: how a planet of what
were once several autonomous continents
is quickly becoming a single,
globalized entity.
Mann not only talked to countless
scientists and researchers; he visited
the places he writes about, and as a
consequence, the book has a marvelously
wide-ranging yet personal feel as we
follow Mann from one far-flung corner of
the world to the next. And always, the
prose is masterful. In telling the
improbable story of how Spanish and
Chinese cultures collided in the
Philippines in the sixteenth century, he
takes us to the island of Mindoro whose
southern coast consists of a number of
small bays, one next to another like
tooth marks in an apple. We learn how
the spread of malaria, the potato,
tobacco, guano, rubber plants, and sugar
cane have disrupted and convulsed the
planet and will continue to do so until
we are finally living on one integrated
or at least close-to-integrated Earth.
Whether or not the human instigators of
all this remarkable change will survive
the process they helped to initiate more
than five hundred years ago remains,
Mann suggests in this monumental and
revelatory book, an open question. |
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The Persistence of the Color Line
Racial Politics and the Obama Presidency
By Randall Kennedy
Among the best things about
The Persistence of the Color Line
is watching Mr. Kennedy hash through the
positions about Mr. Obama staked out by
black commentators on the left and
right, from Stanley Crouch and Cornel
West to Juan Williams and Tavis Smiley.
He can be pointed. Noting the way Mr.
Smiley consistently voiced skepticism
regarding whether blacks should back
Obama . . .
The
finest chapter in
The Persistence of the Color Line
is so resonant, and so personal, it
could nearly be the basis for a book of
its own. That chapter is titled
Reverend Wright and My Father:
Reflections on Blacks and Patriotism.
Recalling some of the criticisms of
Americas past made by Mr. Obamas
former pastor, Mr. Kennedy writes with
feeling about his own father, who put
each of his three of his children
through Princeton but who never forgave
American society for its racist
mistreatment of him and those whom he
most loved. His father distrusted
the police, who had frequently called
him boy, and rejected patriotism. Mr.
Kennedys father relished Muhammad
Alis quip that the Vietcong had never
called him nigger. The author places
his father, and Mr. Wright, in
sympathetic historical light. |
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The White Masters of the
World
From
The World and Africa, 1965
By W. E. B. Du Bois
W. E. B. Du Bois
Arraignment and Indictment of White Civilization
(Fletcher)
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Ancient African Nations
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If you like this page consider making a donation
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Negro Digest /
Black World
Browse all issues
1950
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
____ 2005
Enjoy!
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The Death of Emmett Till by Bob Dylan
/
The Lonesome Death of Hattie Carroll
/
Only a Pawn in Their Game
Rev. Jesse Lee Peterson Thanks America for
Slavery /
George Jackson /
Hurricane Carter
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The Journal of Negro History issues at Project Gutenberg
The
Haitian Declaration of Independence 1804
/
January 1, 1804 -- The Founding of
Haiti
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posted 9 March 2006
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